Bengaluru, formerly Bangalore, is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the third most populous city and fifth most populous urban agglomeration in India. Located in southern India on the Deccan Plateau, the city is known for its pleasant climate throughout the year. Its elevation is the highest among the major large cities of India. It is also known as the "Silicon Valley of India" (or "IT capital of India") because of its role as the nation's leading information technology (IT) exporter. Once called the "Garden City of India" and the "Pensioner's Paradise", these epithets no longer apply to Bangalore, which is now a large, cosmopolitan city with diminishing green spaces and a large working population.